{"id":302,"date":"2024-03-21T11:05:42","date_gmt":"2024-03-21T07:05:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.populyar.az\/?p=302"},"modified":"2024-03-21T11:05:42","modified_gmt":"2024-03-21T07:05:42","slug":"r%c9%99vay%c9%99t-%c9%99sasli-t%c9%99fsir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.populyar.az\/2024\/03\/21\/r%c9%99vay%c9%99t-%c9%99sasli-t%c9%99fsir\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u0259vay\u0259t \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259fsir"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

R\u0259vay\u0259t \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259fsir, m\u0259sur v\u0259 ya n\u0259qli t\u0259fsir Quran\u0131 onun \u015f\u0259rhi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 h\u0259disl\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 etm\u0259kl\u0259 \u015f\u0259rh ed\u0259n t\u0259fsir n\u00f6v\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u015ei\u0259l\u0259r r\u0259vay\u0259t \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259fsirl\u0259rind\u0259 Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin (s) v\u0259 m\u0259sum imamlar\u0131n (\u0259) h\u0259disl\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 edirl\u0259r. \u015ei\u0259 t\u0259fsir\u00e7il\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, Qurani-k\u0259rimin<\/a> \u015f\u0259rhi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 \u0130slam pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin\u0259 (s) v\u0259 m\u0259sum imamlara (\u0259) nisb\u0259t veril\u0259n r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259r \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 v\u0259 sabit t\u0259fsir n\u00f6vl\u0259rind\u0259ndir. Lakin t\u0259fsir h\u0259disl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda uydurma h\u0259disl\u0259r d\u0259 az deyil. \u201cT\u0259fsiri-\u018fyya\u015fi\u201d, \u201cT\u0259fsir-Qumi\u201d, \u201cT\u0259fsir-Nurus-S\u0259q\u0259leyn\u201d v\u0259 \u201cT\u0259fsiri-Burhan\u201d \u015fi\u0259 r\u0259vay\u0259t \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259fsirl\u0259rin\u0259, \u201cCamiul-b\u0259yan\u201d is\u0259 s\u00fcnni r\u0259vay\u0259t \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259fsirl\u0259rin\u0259 n\u00fcmun\u0259dir. M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Hadi M\u0259rif\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda \u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm t\u0259fsir \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 Quran\u0131 \u015f\u0259rh ed\u0259n h\u0259disl\u0259r\u0259 \u0259saslanaraq formala\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Konseptologiya \u015ei\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, r\u0259vay\u0259t \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259fsir, m\u0259sur v\u0259 ya n\u0259qli t\u0259fsir Quran\u0131n \u0130slam pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rind\u0259n (s) v\u0259 \u015fi\u0259 imamlardan (\u0259) n\u0259ql olunan r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 \u0259saslanan t\u0259fsir n\u00f6v\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u018fhli-s\u00fcnn\u0259 s\u0259hab\u0259 v\u0259 tabeil\u0259rin d\u0259 s\u00f6zl\u0259rini r\u0259vay\u0259t \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259fsird\u0259 istifad\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259sas g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quran\u0131 \u015f\u0259rh ed\u0259n r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259r<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Quran\u0131 \u015f\u0259rh ed\u0259n r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259rin \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259ti v\u0259 etibarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 M\u00fcs\u0259lman t\u0259fsir\u00e7il\u0259rinin fikrinc\u0259, \u0130slam pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259ri (s) v\u0259hyi \u00e7atd\u0131rmaqla yana\u015f\u0131, Allah k\u0259lam\u0131n\u0131n izah\u0131na v\u0259 t\u0259fsirin\u0259 d\u0259 m\u0259sul olub. Onlar bu fikril\u0259rini \u201cN\u0259hl\u201d sur\u0259sinin 44 v\u0259 64-c\u00fc ay\u0259si il\u0259 \u0259sasland\u0131r\u0131blar. Bunun \u0259sas\u0131nda \u015fi\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcnni m\u00fcf\u0259ssirl\u0259ri bel\u0259 hesab edirl\u0259r ki, Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r\u0259 (s) aid edil\u0259n t\u0259fsirl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 s\u00f6zl\u0259r v\u0259 h\u0259disl\u0259r s\u0259hihliyi s\u00fcbuta yetiril\u0259rs\u0259, \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 v\u0259 etibarl\u0131 t\u0259fsir n\u00f6vl\u0259rind\u0259n biridir. \u015ei\u0259l\u0259r \u201cS\u0259q\u0259leyn\u201d h\u0259disin\u0259 istinad\u0259n, \u015fi\u0259 imamlar\u0131n\u0131n r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259rini d\u0259 r\u0259vay\u0259t \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259fsirin m\u0259x\u0259zl\u0259rind\u0259n hesab edirl\u0259r. T\u0259fsir\u00e7il\u0259r t\u0259fsir r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259rinin \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tin\u0259 baxmayaraq, yuxar\u0131da qeyd olunan h\u0259disl\u0259r aras\u0131nda s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n birinin m\u0259qam\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcks\u0259ltm\u0259k v\u0259 ya onlar\u0131 r\u0259dd etm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 uydurulmu\u015f saxta r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259rin oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u0259r. \u201cT\u00f6vb\u0259\u201d sur\u0259sinin 113-c\u00fc ay\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn nazilolma s\u0259b\u0259bi uydurulmas\u0131n\u0131 bu hallardan biri hesab edibl\u0259r. \u018fhli-s\u00fcnn\u0259 t\u0259fsir\u00e7il\u0259ri T\u0259b\u0259ri v\u0259 Buxari onu saxta hesab edibl\u0259r. S\u00f6z\u00fcged\u0259n nazilolma s\u0259b\u0259bin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, \u201cT\u00f6vb\u0259\u201d sur\u0259sinin 113-c\u00fc ay\u0259si \u0130mam \u018flinin (\u0259) atas\u0131 \u018fbu Talib haqq\u0131nda v\u0259fat ed\u0259rk\u0259n nazil olub v\u0259 onun \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn sonuna q\u0259d\u0259r \u015firkd\u0259n d\u00f6nm\u0259diyini g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Bir halda ki, T\u0259b\u0259ri v\u0259 Buxari \u018fbu Talibin hicr\u0259td\u0259n \u00fc\u00e7 il \u0259vv\u0259l v\u0259fat etdiyin\u0259 v\u0259 bu ay\u0259nin is\u0259 hicr\u0259tin 9-cu ilind\u0259 nazil oldu\u011funa inan\u0131rlar. T\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lara g\u00f6r\u0259, bu n\u00f6v uydurma r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259r \u0259sas\u0259n sonradan m\u00fcs\u0259lman olmu\u015f y\u0259hudil\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n uydurulub v\u0259 \u201cisrailiyyat\u201d adlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u0259vay\u0259t \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259fsirin n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f Quran t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan v\u0259 t\u0259fsir\u00e7il\u0259rind\u0259n olan M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Hadi M\u0259rif\u0259t hesab edir ki, ke\u00e7mi\u015fin \u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm t\u0259fsir kitablar\u0131 t\u0259fsir r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259saslanaraq formala\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Quran\u0131n f\u0259ls\u0259fi, teoloji v\u0259 \u0259d\u0259bi m\u0259nalar\u0131na bu ilkin t\u0259fsirl\u0259rin yaln\u0131z ki\u00e7ik bir hiss\u0259sind\u0259 rast g\u0259lirik. Ay\u0259tullah M\u0259rif\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, \u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm r\u0259vay\u0259t \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259fsirl\u0259r bunlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cT\u0259fsiri-\u018fyya\u015fi\u201d hicri 4-c\u00fc \u0259srd\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f \u015fi\u0259 f\u0259qihl\u0259rind\u0259n v\u0259 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d ibn \u00d6m\u0259r K\u0259\u015f\u015finin m\u00fc\u0259llimi M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d ibn M\u0259sud \u018fyya\u015fi t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yaz\u0131l\u0131b. \u018fyya\u015fi \u00f6z t\u0259fsirind\u0259 \u015fi\u0259 imamlar\u0131ndan n\u0259ql olunan t\u0259fsir r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259rini s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259 n\u0259ql edib. Buna baxmayaraq, \u018fyya\u015finin t\u0259fsirinin yaln\u0131z bir ne\u00e7\u0259 hiss\u0259si biz\u0259 g\u0259lib \u00e7at\u0131b. \u018fli ibn \u0130brahim Qumiy\u0259 aid edil\u0259n \u201cT\u0259fsiri-Qumi\u201d. Bu kitab onun t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259si, \u0130mam Musa Kaz\u0131m\u0131n (\u0259) n\u0259slind\u0259n olan \u018fb\u00fclf\u0259zl Abbas ibn M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yaz\u0131l\u0131b. Kitabda \u018fli ibn \u0130brahimin n\u0259ql etdiyi r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 \u018fbu C\u0259rudun t\u0259fsirind\u0259n istifad\u0259 edilib. Kitab\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259llifi \u018fb\u00fclf\u0259zl Abbas ibn M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d haqq\u0131nda onun \u0259l\u0259vi olmas\u0131ndan v\u0259 \u018fli ibn \u0130brahimin t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n olmas\u0131ndan ba\u015fqa he\u00e7 bir m\u0259lumat yoxdur. Bu t\u0259fsir \u00fcmumilikl\u0259 q\u00fcsursuz hesab edils\u0259 d\u0259, orada m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n sayda z\u0259if h\u0259disl\u0259r d\u0259 vard\u0131r. S\u00fcnni t\u0259fsir\u00e7il\u0259rind\u0259n olan M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d ibn C\u0259rir T\u0259b\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u201cCamiul-b\u0259yan\u201d t\u0259fsiri. T\u0259b\u0259ri t\u0259fsir kitab\u0131n\u0131n \u0259hat\u0259liliyin\u0259 v\u0259 geni\u015fliyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 t\u0259fsir elminin atas\u0131 hesab edilmi\u015fdir. Baxmayaraq ki, o, z\u0259if v\u0259 saxta r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259r n\u0259ql etm\u0259kd\u0259 v\u0259 nam\u0259lum ravil\u0259r\u0259 etibar etm\u0259kd\u0259 ittiham olunmu\u015fdur. Seyid Ha\u015fim B\u0259hraninin (t\u0259xmin\u0259n hicri 1050-1107 v\u0259 ya 1109-cu il) q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cT\u0259fsirul-Burhan\u201d \u0259s\u0259ri. B\u0259hrani t\u0259fsirinin m\u00fcq\u0259ddim\u0259sind\u0259 bu kitab\u0131 oxuculara Quran elml\u0259rinin bir \u00e7ox sirl\u0259ri, \u015f\u0259ri\u0259t elml\u0259ri m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri, pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rl\u0259rin hekay\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 \u018fhli-beytin (\u0259) f\u0259zil\u0259tl\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumat ver\u0259n bir kitab kimi qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirmi\u015fdir. \u00c7\u00fcnki \u018fhli-beytin (\u0259) h\u0259disl\u0259rind\u0259n al\u0131n\u0131b. Hans\u0131 ki, v\u0259hy onlar\u0131n evind\u0259 nazil olub. O, \u201cBurhan\u201d\u0131n h\u0259disl\u0259rini etibarl\u0131 v\u0259 etimadl\u0131 kitablardan se\u00e7ib. Bel\u0259 ki, onlar\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259ri m\u00f6t\u0259b\u0259r aliml\u0259rdir. O, h\u0259disl\u0259rin \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259tini \u0130mamiyy\u0259 vasit\u0259sil\u0259 n\u0259ql edib. Bir s\u0131ra hallarda \u018fhli-beyt (\u0259) r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u00fcvafiq olan v\u0259 ya \u018fhli-beytin (\u0259) f\u0259zil\u0259tl\u0259rini b\u0259yan ed\u0259n \u0259hli-s\u00fcnn\u0259 r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259rini d\u0259 n\u0259ql edib. O, h\u0259m\u00e7inin ay\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259fsirind\u0259 \u0130bn Abbasdan (\u0130mam \u018flinin<\/a> (\u0259) t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259si oldu\u011funa g\u00f6r\u0259) az miqdarda sitat g\u0259tirib.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u0259vay\u0259t \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259fsir<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

R\u0259vay\u0259t \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259fsir, m\u0259sur v\u0259 ya n\u0259qli t\u0259fsir Quran\u0131 onun \u015f\u0259rhi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 h\u0259disl\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 etm\u0259kl\u0259 \u015f\u0259rh ed\u0259n t\u0259fsir n\u00f6v\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u015ei\u0259l\u0259r r\u0259vay\u0259t \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259fsirl\u0259rind\u0259 Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin (s) v\u0259 m\u0259sum imamlar\u0131n (\u0259) h\u0259disl\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 edirl\u0259r. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":303,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[176,172,174,175,171,173],"class_list":["post-302","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-din","tag-imamlar","tag-quran","tag-quran-tfsir","tag-qurani-krim","tag-rvayt-sasli-tfsir","tag-si"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.populyar.az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/302","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.populyar.az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.populyar.az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.populyar.az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.populyar.az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=302"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.populyar.az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/302\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":304,"href":"https:\/\/www.populyar.az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/302\/revisions\/304"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.populyar.az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/303"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.populyar.az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=302"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.populyar.az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=302"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.populyar.az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=302"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}